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Chinese Troops Along LoC:INDIA ON HIGH ALERT, by Dr. PK Vasudeva, 11 Apr, 2011 |
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Defence
Notes
New
Delhi, 11 April 2011
Chinese Troops Along LoC
INDIA ON HIGH ALERT
By Col. (Dr.) P.
K. Vasudeva (Retd)
Recently a
top Indian Army General warned that India not only faces the threat from
Chinese troops along the Line of Actual Control (LAC) with China but it could
well extend to the Line of Control (LoC) along Jammu and Kashmir with Pakistan
due to the expansive Beijing-Islamabad military nexus.
The
massive build-up of Chinese military infrastructure all along the 4,057-km, LAC
especially in the Tibet Autonomous Region, as well as the expanding Chinese
footprint in infrastructure projects in Pakistan Occupied Kashmir (PoK) is by
now well-documented.
However,
this is the first time a senior Army commander has publicly expressed
apprehensions about the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) troops actually being
stationed along the volatile 778-km-long LoC between India and Pakistan.
"It
poses military challenges to India
not only along the Sino-Indian border but also along the LoC. And we hear many
people today who are concerned about the fact that if there were to be
hostilities between Pakistan
and us what would be the complicity of the Chinese. Not only because they are
in the neighbourhood but the fact that they are actually stationed and present
on the LoC," said Northern Army Commander, Lt-General K T Parnaik, at a
seminar in Jammu.
True, the
Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson has dismissed the General’s reports about
Chinese troops presence in POK as “baseless and ridiculous”. But the ground
reality is different and the nexus between China
and Pakistan
is well established.
The Indian
Army's new doctrine and "pro-active strategy" is also a factor in the
worst-case scenario of grappling with China
and Pakistan
simultaneously in a two-front war. Also worrisome is that China’s defence spending is almost three times
that of India
at $91 billion. In actual practice it is
more than $100 billion because some of the defence expenditure is kept secret
by Beijing.
Various experts have assessed China’s defence spending at 7.5 per cent of its
GDP in comparison to India’s 1.4 per cent of the GDP this year which is not
sufficient for the modernisation of the armed forces.
Not only that. China
has already constructed airstrips, railways and broad roads in the difficult
and hazardous mountainous terrain up to the borders with India so that its
forces remain within striking distance to Indian strategic locations. Beijing is
also helping Pakistan defence forces with the acquisition of modern defence
equipment and jet fighters for attaining air and marine superiority over India.
Expressing
"serious concern" over China's military modernisation, Defence
Minister Antony recently said on the sidelines of the Asian Security
Conference. Adding, that India should carry out a "comprehensive
review" of its defence preparedness and "remain vigilant" to
meet its security challenges. "Modernisation of armed forces in China and
its ever-increasing military spending is a matter of serious concern but we are
not unduly worried because we also will have to modernise and strengthen our
armed forces. We also must strengthen our capabilities and infrastructure in
our area and we are doing it. The Government is also modernising armed forces
and strengthening infrastructure in border areas," he stated. After China
started deploying missiles and strengthening its military infrastructure along
India’s territory, New Delhi has also upgraded its roads and aviation
infrastructure there.
It is unlikely
that China will take adventurism either across the LAC or LoC in the near
future as it is involved in far too many other serious problems. However, if India’s
claim of Aksai Chin and China’s claim of Arunachal Pradesh is not settled
during bilateral talks, Beijing may launch an offensive for which New Delhi has
to be always prepared.
Besides, a Government white paper on
defence "China's National Defence in 2010," issued by the Information
Office of the State Council, made plain that China's military development
remains focused on national security and not regional hegemony. Security in
China's Capital remains at a high level after calls for protests against the
authoritarian Government, akin to the Middle East-style democracy movement,
forced a crackdown against the protesters.
Beijing will continue to improve its
military capability and strengthen military cooperation with many nations,
including the US. But cooperation with the US remains difficult because of Washington’s
support and military sales to Taiwan, which Beijing’s communist Government
considers a part of China since the Chinese nationalist forces fled during the 1949
civil war. Notwithstanding, Chinese President Hu Jintao's visit to the US
earlier this year, Taiwan remain an issue for disagreement.
"We admit that our military
ties continue to face difficulties and challenges," asserted the Defence
Ministry’s spokesman. Adding, “China is willing to work with the US based on
respect, trust, equality and mutual benefits.” He further warned that a
"Taiwan independence" separatist force and its activities were still
the biggest obstacle and threat to the peaceful development of relations with
Taiwan. Moreover, separatist forces working for "East Turkistan
independence" and "Tibet independence" have inflicted serious
damage on national security and social stability, he averred.
No matter, Beijing’s paper stating,
China's overall military strategy is to attack "only after being
attacked" and its defence policy remains peaceful in nature. "China
will never seek hegemony, nor will it adopt the approach of military expansion
now or in the future, no matter how its economy develops," the defence
paper states. But with a rider, “China helps recipient States enhance their
self-defence capability without impairing peace, security and stability of the
relevant region or the world as a whole and not interfering in the recipient
state's internal affairs,”. Sic
Recall, in November last, China
reiterated its claim to the Diaoyu Islands, currently under Japanese control.
Disputes over who owns the five islands and three rocky outcrops predate to World
War II. At the end of the war in 1945 they were under US jurisdiction as part
of the captured island of Okinawa. But they have been under Japanese jurisdiction
since 1972 when Okinawa was returned to Japan. China also is in dispute with
Viet Nam, Taiwan and the Philippines over islands in the seas close to their
shores.
Needless to say, China’s white paper
on national security is an eye opener. Clearly, India must analyse this keeping
in view the Chinese problems with various countries. It is unlikely that China
would launch an offensive across LAC or LoC, however, India has to remain
always vigilant and prepared and not be taken by surprise like the 1962 Chinese
offensive. ---- INFA
(Copyright, India News
and Feature Alliance)
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Collapsing Welfare System:BIOMETRIC SMART CARDS VITAL, by Dhurjati Mukherjee, 6 Apr, 2011 |
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Open Forum
New Delhi, 6 April 2011
Collapsing Welfare
System
BIOMETRIC SMART
CARDS VITAL
By Dhurjati Mukherjee
While the GDP growth has been quite high over the last few
years --- with the current year expected to witness a 9% jump --- the main
challenge before the Government is the need to uplift the poor and backward
sections. Thus, reaching welfare to them is a big task.
Over the last decade, the Government’s spending on social
welfare grew nearly five-fold, rising from $ 9 billion in 2000 to $ 42 billion
in 2010. Over the next five years, India will spend $ 250 billion on
services for the poor. The big problem is about $ 100 billion of this, if
unreformed will be stolen, misused or otherwise wasted.
It is estimated that as per a latest study by economists
around 55 per cent of the Rs 56,000 crores that the Government will spend this
year on subsidized food will never reach the real beneficiaries. At least 20
million ration cards for subsidized food are in the names of ‘ghosts’, people
who do not exist, or people who do not actually fall in the category.
Undoubtedly, the welfare system is in a state of collapse as
the poor are too scared to assert or reveal their identity and get the
benefits. To address this problem the Government decided to provide a 12-digit Unique
Identification Number (UID) that will be proof of identity across the country.
The UID will have three biometric details --- iris,
photograph and 10 fingerprints --- which will ensure that it does not falter on
its mandate to ensure uniqueness across a large population and minimize the
likelihood of the system incorrectly rejecting or accepting a person.
It would also help the process of social security reform of
clearing ghosts, diversion of funds and other attendant anomalies and help the
process of ensuring that subsidies/assistance reach the people for whom they
are intended.
If the value of a beneficiary’s food entitlements (presently
rice, wheat and kerosene) is transferred to a smart card, he or she can use it
anywhere in India.
The PDS can also be greatly expanded to regular, retail shops. This will allow
better access as only about 57% of BPL households can reach PDS shops. And over
Rs 20,000 crores required to in delivering subsidized food would also be
saved.
It is in this context that a smart card gains significance.
Around 600 million are expected to be provided UID numbers by 2014. This will
also facilitate people having an identity to enter the banking system and avail
of facilities. Presently, only one in four people have a bank account which is
sure to change in the coming years.
It may be pertinent to mention here that credit facilities
at much cheaper rates (than those provided by the money-lenders) would be
easily available to rural artisans and small farmers along-with subsidies. Add
to this technology which is destined to transform the lives of the poor and
economically weaker sections in a big way.
Experts believe that given the country’s info-tech prowess,
there is no reason why the UID project would not be successful. It would not
only help the poor to prove his/her identity but also easily avail various facilities
provided by the State Government or the local panchayat. Tribals in remote districts of Jharkhand, Bihar or Chhattisgarh, homeless residing in jhuggi-jhopri colonies or railway
tracks would have no problem in proving their identity. As things stand today,
due to lack of address and identity they cannot avail any facilities.
While lot of programmes like the NREGS, Integrated Child
Development Programme (ICDS), National Rural Health Mission (NRHM), Rashtriya
Swastha Bima Yojana (RSBY) et al have been continuing for years, the results of
their success have been far from encouraging. And with the Food Bill expected
to come into force, it would be necessary to ensure that the beneficiaries are
properly identified and the benefits reach them fully. Clearly, the IUD should
augur well in reaching the right beneficiaries with technology extending the
required help and support to serve the interests of the poor.
Particularly, as the social sector spending of the Centre and
the States more than doubled between 2004-05 and 2009-10 from Rs 1.73 lakh
crores to Rs 4.46 lakh crores and from 5.33% of the GDP to 7.23%. In the coming
years, this is expected to further increase in view of the emphasis for
inclusive growth to upgrade the living conditions of the poor, specially those
residing in the rural areas. But unless the desired beneficiaries can be
reached, the purpose would be defeated, as is happening now.
It is expected that the much of the corruption inherent in
the system would get weeded and the vicious nexus of politicians and Government
officials cornering the benefits of subsidies and grants would not be successful
with the introduction of the UID cards. Moreover, the development paradigm
would find a new orientation with benefits reaching the lowest tiers of
society.
According to a study by McKinsey the Government can save
money to boost social sector spending by 25 % by channeling cash via bank
accounts. It is in this context that launching cash transfers in lieu of
subsidized kerosene, cooking gas and fertilizers gains significance and a Government
task force is expected to come out with the modalities so that this could be
made operational by March 2012.
Clearly, biometric technology has shown the way forward whereby
anyone can make use of this by using fingerprints and irises. It is believed
that the biometric smart cards will reduce but might not completely eliminate
leakages.
Add to this, with rural banking and use of mobile telephones
steadily gaining momentum it would facilitate mobile banking using biometric
cards. The process would need 3G broadband to be really effective and this
should become a reality within a year. In fact, cash transfers have worked well
in Brazil, Mexico, and Chile. These countries give poor families cash transfers
in various areas and reports suggest that only the intended beneficiaries get
the benefits.
Thus, the announcement of the Finance Minister in the
current Budget to give subsidy for kerosene, LPG and fertilizer in the form of
cash transfer is to be welcomed as it is expected that only the intended
beneficiaries reap the benefits. Experts believe that leakages would be reduced
from 60%o to 15% with cash transfer through smart cards. ---- INFA
(Copyright, India News and Feature
Alliance)
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‘Credible’ Cash For Votes:BEGINNING OF END OF DEMOCRACY?, by Proloy Bagchi, 29 Mar, 11 |
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Open Forum
New Delhi, 29 March 2011
‘Credible’ Cash For
Votes
BEGINNING OF END OF
DEMOCRACY?
By Proloy Bagchi
The “India Cables” accessed by the Hindu newspaper from Wiki
Leaks has virtually bombed the UPA Government. The deadly “cash for votes”
cables sent from the US Embassy, seemingly, set the cat among the pigeons. The
cables talked of crores of rupees being paid to a certain political party at
the time of the 2008 no-confidence motion moved against the Manmohan Singh Government
that lost its majority character on withdrawal of support by the Left parties
over the Indo-US nuclear deal.
Disrupting the Budget Session, the leaked cable created
furore in the Parliament with adjournments and walk-outs by the Opposition. The
July 22 2008 no-confidence motion moved against UPA Government by the
Opposition was followed by tremendous amount of theatrics.
Three BJP MPs came rushing into the Lok Sabha waving bundles
of currency notes in front of the Speaker, alleging attempts by the Samajwadi
Party, then a supporter of the Government, to bribe them with Rs one crore each
for voting for the Government. The name of former Samajwadi MP Amar Singh was
mentioned in this connection. The expose was result of a sting operation by the
CNN-IBN news channel, master-minded by a BJP ideologue.
The money was seized by the Speaker and, later, a Lok Sabha committee
was constituted to probe the matter. Failing to arrive at a definite conclusion,
notwithstanding video tapes, phone calls records and other documents relating to
bribes being paid etc. were submitted by the news channel and the BJP to the
Committee. However, the Committee exonerated Amar Singh but labelled
his aide, one Sanjeev Saxena, as a bribe-giver who was caught on camera bribing
a BJP MP.
Unable to probe further for technical reasons, the Committee
suggested further investigations into the matter. However, neither was the
matter probed further nor a case registered with the local police at the
instance of the Speaker pursued. The Manmohan Singh Government survived the
motion with the help of a few abstentions and support of a few BJP MPs who
defied the Party’s whip.
The Hindu has now published the US Embassy cables which came
into the possession of Wiki Leaks. According to one of the cables, the
Congress, apparently, zeroed in on MPs belonging to UP’s regional outfit Ajit
Singh’s Rashtriya Lok Dal. It stands to reason that as a measure of abundant
caution the Congress Party attempted to muster as many votes as possible in favour
of the Government.
After all, the Prime Minister was deeply committed to the
Indo-US nuclear deal and the Government (and the ruling Party) had to take all
measures to ensure its survival to push it through. Ajit Singh’s RLD fitted the
bill for the purpose as reports frequently appeared of the Party lending
support for monetary considerations to shaky Governments.
The US Embassy cable indicated that its “contact” was told
that the RLD MPs had been paid Rs 10 crores each. But the MPs’ reputation, was
such that even Congressman, what to speak of then Congress Rajya Sabha MP
Satish Sharma’s aide Nachiketa Kapur, who organised the payment, was not sure
whether they would vote in favour of the Government.
Significantly, against the backdrop of what happened in the
Lok Sabha in July 2008, contents of the leaked cable seem perfectly credible.
Besides, yet another factor that lends credence to the contents of the cable is
the mention of Satish Sharma who also met with his US Embassy contact. Implying
thereby, that both Sharma and Kapur were jointly in charge of the operation of
bribing the RLD MPs.
Once a close friend of the late Rajiv Gandhi, Satish Sharma
is now a close associate of Rajiv’s widow and Congress President Sonia Gandhi.
With a chequered political career with several brushes with law, Sharma seemingly,
has been involved in the dirty work of the Congress.
Recall, he was also involved in the 1993 infamous Jharkhand
Mukti Morcha (JMM) bribery case to save the then Congress Prime Minister Narasimha
Rao’s minority Government in a trust-vote moved by the Opposition. The
investigations carried out then had reportedly revealed that various
industrialists had paid Rs 13 crore to Satish Sharma, who arranged payments to
the JMM MPs out of this amount. He, along with the JMM MPs had been
prosecuted.
Today, the Prime Minister Manmohan Singh brazened out the Wiki
Leaks disclosures by an outright denial of the allegations of bribery and
rejected the charge of the Opposition, which he said was based on “speculative,
unverified and unverifiable'' communication. He told both Houses of Parliament
that none from the Government or the Congress had indulged in any unlawful act
during that time.
This is not all. He went on to say that the Government
“cannot confirm the veracity, contents or even the existence of such
communication.” Earlier speaking at the India Today Conclave he asserted, “I
have no knowledge of any such purchases and I am absolutely categorical, I have
not authorized anyone to purchase any votes. I am not aware of any acts of
purchase of votes…I am absolutely certain in asserting that I am not at all, I
think, involved in any of these transactions”.
Importantly, nobody is buying the Prime Minister’s
assertions. Given that US officials have since certified the accuracy and
credibility of the Wiki Leaks cables. In fact, Editor in-Chief of Wiki Leaks Julian
Assange, branded Manmohan Singh’ statements of denial as “misleading”, a charge
that is serious when made against a Prime Minister.
Needless to say people are aghast at the way Manmohan Singh with
his distinguished academic and bureaucratic background and generally known for
his clean image, staked his reputation and all that he had for winning a
trust-vote to see a mere deal through. In a recent interview with
the editors of TV news channels the Prime Minister asserted that, after his
academic and bureaucratic stints, politics was a fresh learning experience.
Apparently, he has been very quick in picking up the tricks of his current
trade.
Apart from Manmohan Singh’s, the image of Congress, too, has
taken a severe hit. However, what has taken a worse hit is India’s democracy.
Thanks to our polity’s, particularly the Grand Old Party’s insatiable lust for
power. This is not the first time that the Congress adopted fraudulent means for
what Mahatma Gandhi described as “...the ungainly skirmish for power”.
The Father of the Nation also predicted that were it to
persist with such skirmishes “it (Congress) will find one fine morning that it
is no more.” That may well happen with the riff-raff that it now constitutes it.
Tragically, that might also herald the very end of the country’s democratic
traditions so assiduously (though falteringly) built over the last few decades.
---- INFA
(Copyright, India News and Feature
Alliance)
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Indian Perspective:IMMEDIATE CEASEFIRE VITAL, by P. K. Vasudeva, 4 Apr, 2011 |
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Events & Issues
New
Delhi, 4 April 2011
Indian Perspective
IMMEDIATE CEASEFIRE VITAL
By Col. (Dr.) P. K. Vasudeva (Retd)
With the US, France and Britain under
NATO forces launching military action against Col. Muammar Gaddafi’s regime in
Libya, the prospect of stability in West Asia, which has been in the throes of uncertainty
for the past three months on account of anti-regime popular upheavals in
several Arab countries, Egypt, Libya, Bahrain and Syria, has nose-dived. Importantly,
is Libya going to be another
Iraq or Afghanistan?
This has been mainly due to the vote
in the UN Security Council sanctioning imposition of a no-fly zone in Libya. Not purely
for Gaddafi's atrocities towards his civilian population but broadly at the
instance of the Americans to allow for “all necessary measures” against the dictator’s
regime, an euphemism for military attack. The 10-5 vote in the Security Council
largely came about when it became clear that the Arab League was in favour of a
no-fly zone.
However, the Arab League is not
gung-ho about military action. India
did well to abstain on the vote along with Russia,
China, Brazil and Germany. Significantly, Germany decided
to pull its forces out of NATO over the on-going disagreement on who will lead
the campaign. The way the politics of key three Western countries were moving,
it was apparent that the authorisation of a no-fly zone would, in effect, mean
military assault.
The US
President Barack Obama, has gone on record to say that American ground troops
would not take part in any action against Libya. However, direct combat
responsibilities have been entrusted to NATO devolving on the US, British and
French who have avidly stepped forward to do war. Even so, there is no getting
away from the fact that America
would be seen at war in three Islamic countries simultaneously, earlier Afghanistan and Iraq
and now Libya,
when led by a President who is a Nobel laureate.
In order to retain the right to
rule, Gaddafi had unconscionably unleashed air power and artillery against his
own people. Should the outside world respond with the use of military force to
oust such a ruler? In America,
the opinion appeared to be sharply divided. The Defence Secretary, National Security
Adviser and the Counter-Terrorism Chief were reportedly not enthusiastic about
the course of action the President had green-signalled after being persuaded by
Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, among others. An important consideration
for the pragmatists was that though Libya
is not vital to American security, yet it is important for looting Libya’s oil
reserves.
Needless to say, Libya is the
largest oil economy in the African continent with 46.5 billion barrels of
proven reserves. It holds approximately 3.5 per cent of the global oil
reserves, more than twice those of the U.S. Many doubt that the allies
scripted 'Operation Libya' to gain control over more than sixty per cent of the
world's reserves of oil and natural gas lying in the Middle East and Central
Asia. Although the Libyan attack is on a humanitarian mandate, yet the US interests seem to be the same as in Iraq.
Nobody wants another Iraq or Afghanistan. The so-called freedom
from the dictators at the mercy of another country is yet another form of
surrendering ones' sovereignty. We already have three war theatres --- Palestine, Afghanistan,
Iraq
--- being kept alive by Western forces where bloodshed never ends.
More viable peace proposals should
be brought forth to avoid bloodshed and the UN should take initiatives to
promote peaceful means to put an end to the unrest. From the Indian national
security and foreign policy perspective, the regime in Tripoli
needs to be a friendly one since Libya is an oil rich country.
Whereby, western air attacks or civil war could affect India’s
industrial investments and energy security interests there, read Libyan oil.
Besides, India's national interests
in Libya are essentially economic in nature. Considering an estimated 18,000
Indians who work in that country, it is a considerable contribution to the
remittance economy and adds to our foreign exchange kitty. Furthermore, Indian
companies, especially in the hydro-carbon, power, construction and IT sector
have several ongoing projects in Libya.
This is not all. India’s oil majors,
Indian Oil, Oil India and ONGC Videsh are increasingly involving themselves
with the Libyan hydro-carbon sector, both in upstream and downstream. Also,
BHEL has successfully completed execution of the prestigious Western Mountain
Gas Turbine Power Project. Similarly, I-Flex Solutions is implementing a
project on core banking solutions with the Central Bank of Libya and five other
banks.
In addition, Indian companies have
executed several projects like building hospitals, houses, schools, roads, power
plants, airports, dams, transmission lines etc. The bilateral trade between the
two countries for 2009-10 was $844.62 million, showing a significant upward
trend since 2004-05, peaking to $1,366.65 million in 2007-08 compared to $29.12
million in 2003-04.
The ostensible logic of the US-led
western powers to embark on this two-dimensional military adventure from the
air and sea was only to prevent carnage of rebel forces through neutralisation
of Gaddafi's airpower, tanks and artillery by aerial and naval bombardment. The
opposition to western air strikes is solely on the grounds that collateral
damage would ensue and innocent citizenry would be hurt due to flaws in the military
target acquisition procedures based on inaccurate intelligence inputs.
If NATO forces believed that their
aerial bombardment of Libya would contribute to ousting Gaddafi in a matter of
days, they have been proved wrong. The Libyan strongman has indicated that he
is no pushover. Clearly, he does enjoy some support among the people, a point
that NATO leaders failed to factor in when they charted out their grand
strategy to oust him.
According to media reports from
Libya, residents in towns like Nawfaliyah are fighting along-side Government
forces. This is an ominous sign of an upcoming civil war. The mounting civilian
casualties from NATO’s aerial bombing seem to have increased public support for
Gaddafi.
A conference of 40 countries has
given Gaddafi an ultimatum to step down and go into exile or be prepared to
face more bombardment. Why would Gaddafi go when he is regaining ground in his
country?
The NATO intervention has gone in
his favour. The US, which appears to be playing a secondary role to Britain and
France in the military operations, has said that NATO is providing only food,
medicines and communication equipment to the rebels. However, President Obama
has not ruled out the supply of arms to them.
Sadly, instead of correcting a
flawed strategy, the US and its NATO allies seem determined to escalate their
military involvement in Libya. Undoubtedly, Libya’s descent to civil war must
be halted. An immediate ceasefire is needed. ---INFA
(Copyright, India News
and Feature Alliance)
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Higher Deficit:GROWTH MAY GET STUNTED?, by Shivaji Sarkar, 1 Apr, 2011 |
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Economic Highlight
New Delhi, 1 April 2011
Higher Deficit
GROWTH MAY GET STUNTED?
By Shivaji Sarkar
A tsunami may be awaiting the Indian economy. A Budget
showcased for political purposes conceals more. It does not reveal that the
Government estimates are based on the surreal if not unreal.
It also does not speak that the so-called growth is based on
high deficit, unreal crude price expectations, unaffordable though sometimes
necessary largesse, falling investments and also does not take into account the
impact of a high inflation and interest rates.
The country has a compound inflation rate of about 15 per
cent during the last two years. The Reserve Bank Deputy Governor in-charge of
monetary policy Subir Gokarn, says he is concerned as not only food inflation
but even non-food manufacturing inflation has risen to 6.1 per cent in February
from 4.8 per cent in January.
This suggests that producers are passing on the rising input
and investment costs spurred by higher food inflation and interest rates to the
consumers. Gokarn agrees that inflation figures are a big worry for achieving
the growth target of 8.6 per cent.
The RBI panacea is to counter it with a further interest
rate hike. As that would fuel general inflation so another dose of interest
rate rise would be the prescription. The prescription would lead to fall in
investments and higher deposit rates would attract higher bank deposits.
Lending cost would rise and so again the cycle of inflation-interest rate would
continue ultimately making Government borrowings expensive.
This has led to even higher cost of corporate borrowings and
the Indians appetite for more funds has made external commercial borrowings
costlier. The Chairman and Managing Director of the National Hydro Power
Corporation (NHPC) ABL Srivastava avers international borrowing is “not a
cheaper option for us”.
Importantly, in all likelihood, the deficit target would be
unachievable. The expenditures side is a big worry. Last year, the Government
had a deficit of 5.1 per cent. If the 3G auction revenue is excluded it would
be close to 6.5 per cent. The target for the current year at 4.6 per cent is
far from being realistic.
The proposed disinvestments again are doubtful in the volatile
global stock market scenario amid political tensions in the Arab world,
financial crisis in Europe and a meltdown in Japan. The Mumbai sensex has given
one of the lowest returns in the financial year 2010-11 at 11 per cent. The
market is more in a selling mood than buying.
Besides, industrial production has turned critical as per
the industrial index. The automobile sector growth may get stymied as indicated
by the move of Honda to cut car production at its Noida unit due to supply
constraints of components following the earthquake and tsunami in Japan.
The trends may lead to shortfall on the revenue side. The
question again would be whether the Government would be able to restrict itself
to the projected deficit of 4.6 per cent of Rs 343,00 crore. The targets are
likely to be exceeded.
Significantly, the deficit figures are dependent on a 9 per
cent GDP growth. This is an ambitious figure and most independent forecasts
hover around 8 per cent. This growth, if at all real, was driven by deficit
spending. The fiscal deficit, in reality, doubled, during the past few years
from 3 per cent of the GDP to 6 per cent --- an increase of about Rs 2.5 lakh
crore.
In short, almost 3 per cent of the GDP growth came from
higher Government spending --- larger stimulus for corporate, backed by
borrowings from the market.
The Government is almost repeating the profligacy of the US
Government and its economy both before and after the sub-prime crisis.
The country’s overall debt level has increased from 72 per
cent of the GDP to 78 per cent over the last two years. Higher debt is a risk.
The country needs to learn from Ireland,
Greece, Portugal, Dubai
and Japan.
It reduces the economic flexibility to withstand any future economic and
financial shocks --- a large possibility in the present global scenario.
The fundamentals are projected to be strong. It is not so.
The Government is faced with the challenge to meet its political goals for
programmes like the MNREGS, food security, rural spends, social security commitments
and education for all.
The budgetary figures are based on an assumed oil price of $
84 per barrel. But the price is hovering over $ 100. This has an impact on
deficit. It is estimated that borrowing requirements would increase by Rs
36,000 crore for every extra $ 10 in oil prices. Thus, deficit is bound to
increase to new highs.
But this time the earlier cushion of a low interest regime
is missing. This would have a telling effect on the overall scenario. Coupled
with this is the unpredictable monsoon and climate change. It may lead again to
a severe price situation particularly amid reports of a yellow rust fungal
disease affecting the wheat crop in Himachal, UP and other northern
States.
Undoubtedly, the growth story is passing through a difficult
phase. When the country achieved the 8 per cent plus growth as per projections,
it rode on the low interest regime of 5 to 6 per cent. The acceleration
happened on a lag of about three years of low-interest regime. The deceleration
too may take time to reflect but it is likely to be less than the process of
acceleration. The fall is faster than climbing up.
Falling investment is also bad news. Corporates are getting
squeezed as individual taxpayers are. Jobs are not coming up. Earnings through
corporate sales or lesser jobs would possibly face slowdown. It needs to be
noted that 80 per cent improvement in tax to GDP ratio so far has come from the
corporate sector. This is likely to get hit affecting bottom-lines of
Government finance.
The Government has to look for policy makers whose objective
is not myopic short-time achievement. A policy overhaul tailoring the
short-time goals with a long-term perspective is required. The Planning
Commission was supposed to do it. It may now be replaced with a real think
tank. Growth as of now is doubtful.
The country is having an unreasonable policy looking for
extreme short-time propagandist solutions. If it is not corrected, it would not
be late to slip into a Europe-type crisis. The present growth story may get
moth-eaten unless bold policies with a perspective are adopted. It requires a
political will. Does the country have it? ---- INFA
(Copyright,
India News and Feature Alliance)
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More...
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Political Changes in Myanmar:SUBSTANTIVE OR MASQUERADE?, by Monish Tourangbam, 6 Apr, 2011
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India Vs Corruption:PEOPLE WIN 1st BATTLE, by Poonam I Kaushish, 9 Apr, 2011
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Battle Royal In Assam:MINORITY VOTES HOLD KEY, by Insaf, 7 Apr, 2011
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India-Pakistan Talks :PUSH ON BUILDING CONFIDENCE,Monish Tourangbam, 30 Mar, 2011
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